The Problem of the Union of Multiple Infinite Series within Contingent Substances with Atheism.

Atheism may posit an infinite series of causes to account for the existence of any single contingent substance. Yet atheism is frequently embraced with the affirmation of materialism and biological mechanicalism. If biological mechanicalism is affirmed by the atheist, there are multiple coincident infinite series required to account for each part of the existing biological substance. For biological mechanicalism affirms that a biological substance is composed of distinct biological parts that are placed together by natural causes, analogous to a Lego car with distinct Lego parts, or a brick wall with distinct brick parts.

Each part has its own distinct existence, yet existing united with all the other parts of the same biological system. Each part must then have its own distinct infinite series of causes to account for the existence of each part. Therefore, a biological substance must have multiple series for the multiple parts. Yet the multiple infinite series must exist both coincidently, but as 1) multiple distinct infinite series, and 2) as multiple infinite series found united in the one contingent biological substance.

For an infinite series is really only a series if the series is really distinct from any other infinite series. And the multitudes of infinite series are only causes of the same biological substance if the multitude of series coincides at the same terminus in the biological substance. So then, for atheism to account for the existence of a contingent biological substance, atheism must also account for how the multitude of distinct infinite series co-exist together at the same time and place. In short, such a multitude of infinite series existing and acting together must be an ordered multitude.

For each infinite series only acts to cause within itself as a series and does not act as the orderer of any other series. Then a multitude of series’ acting within one biological substance must be an ordered multitude by an act to order which is an act extrinsic to every member of the multitude of series. And the ordering of the multitude must also be accounted for through sufficient reason.

Then such an ordered multitude infers an ultimate orderer as the ultimate account for the ordered multitudes. And the ultimate orderer is the unordered orderer, which is God. Therefore atheism, along with a mechanistic understanding of biology infers a real unordered orderer, as God. Hence when atheism promotes an infinite series with a mechanicalist understanding of contingent substances, both denies and affirms the existence of the same God.

Therefore, atheism is false.